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Chem 210 – Reactions Questions 100% Answered!
Reagent = Nucleophile Only - ANSWER1° = Sn2 
2° = Sn2 
3° = Sn1 + E1 (polar medium necessary) 
 
Reagent = Strong Nucleophile & Strong Base - ANSWER1° = Sn2 
2° = E2 
3° = E2 
 
Reagent = Weak Nucleophile and Weak Base - ANSWER1°/2° = No Reaction 
3°/resonance stabilized carbocation = Sn1 + E1 (polar medium necessry 
 
Reagent = Base Only - ANSWER1° = E2 or Sn2 (if unhindered and no beta-hydrogen with unhindered base) 
2° = E2 
3° = E2 
 
Examples of Only Nucleophiles - ANSWERCl⁻, ...
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- • 6 pages •
Reagent = Nucleophile Only - ANSWER1° = Sn2 
2° = Sn2 
3° = Sn1 + E1 (polar medium necessary) 
 
Reagent = Strong Nucleophile & Strong Base - ANSWER1° = Sn2 
2° = E2 
3° = E2 
 
Reagent = Weak Nucleophile and Weak Base - ANSWER1°/2° = No Reaction 
3°/resonance stabilized carbocation = Sn1 + E1 (polar medium necessry 
 
Reagent = Base Only - ANSWER1° = E2 or Sn2 (if unhindered and no beta-hydrogen with unhindered base) 
2° = E2 
3° = E2 
 
Examples of Only Nucleophiles - ANSWERCl⁻, ...
Organic Chemistry 210 Exam 3 UMich 100% Accurate.
OsO4 and (H2O or Na2SO3) // KMnO4 and (NaOH or H2O) - ANSWEROH/OH dihydroxylation syn 
 
RCO3H or mCPBA - ANSWEREpoxidation add O to make an epoxy. Most substituted double bond reacts first 
 
X2 and (H2O or XOH) - ANSWER(X/OH)Halohydrin formation epoxy ion intermediate, anti, markovnikov, H2O added to more sub. carbon 
 
Cl2 or Br2 - ANSWERHalogenation, anti, epoxy ion intermediate 
 
H2O and H2SO4 - ANSWER(H/OH) Hydration, syn and anti addition, markovnikov, C+ intermediate, can make keto if i...
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- • 1 pages •
OsO4 and (H2O or Na2SO3) // KMnO4 and (NaOH or H2O) - ANSWEROH/OH dihydroxylation syn 
 
RCO3H or mCPBA - ANSWEREpoxidation add O to make an epoxy. Most substituted double bond reacts first 
 
X2 and (H2O or XOH) - ANSWER(X/OH)Halohydrin formation epoxy ion intermediate, anti, markovnikov, H2O added to more sub. carbon 
 
Cl2 or Br2 - ANSWERHalogenation, anti, epoxy ion intermediate 
 
H2O and H2SO4 - ANSWER(H/OH) Hydration, syn and anti addition, markovnikov, C+ intermediate, can make keto if i...
CHEM 210 Exam 3 100% Accurate.
Acid - ANSWERa substance that has H+ in its formula and dissociates in water to yield H3O+ 
-some strong acids are HCl, HI, CHlO4, HBr, H2SO4 and HNO3 
-loses proton; forms conjugate base (OH- , hydroxide ion) 
 
Base - ANSWERa substance that has OH in its formula and dissociates in water to yield OH- 
-strong bases include NaOH, KOH, and Ba(OH)2 
-a strong base will have OH in its formula 
-gains proton; forms conjugate acid (H3O+ , hydronium ion) 
 
Salt and water are the products in reactions...
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- • 2 pages •
Acid - ANSWERa substance that has H+ in its formula and dissociates in water to yield H3O+ 
-some strong acids are HCl, HI, CHlO4, HBr, H2SO4 and HNO3 
-loses proton; forms conjugate base (OH- , hydroxide ion) 
 
Base - ANSWERa substance that has OH in its formula and dissociates in water to yield OH- 
-strong bases include NaOH, KOH, and Ba(OH)2 
-a strong base will have OH in its formula 
-gains proton; forms conjugate acid (H3O+ , hydronium ion) 
 
Salt and water are the products in reactions...
Chem 210 Lab Final Exam 100% Accurate.
Chem 210 Lab Final Exam 100% Accurate.Chem 210 Lab Final Exam 100% Accurate.Chem 210 Lab Final Exam 100% Accurate.Chem 210 Lab Final Exam 100% Accurate.Chem 210 Lab Final Exam 100% Accurate.Chem 210 Lab Final Exam 100% Accurate.Chem 210 Lab Final Exam 100% Accurate.Chem 210 Lab Final Exam 100% Accurate.Chem 210 Lab Final Exam 100% Accurate.
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Chem 210 Lab Final Exam 100% Accurate.Chem 210 Lab Final Exam 100% Accurate.Chem 210 Lab Final Exam 100% Accurate.Chem 210 Lab Final Exam 100% Accurate.Chem 210 Lab Final Exam 100% Accurate.Chem 210 Lab Final Exam 100% Accurate.Chem 210 Lab Final Exam 100% Accurate.Chem 210 Lab Final Exam 100% Accurate.Chem 210 Lab Final Exam 100% Accurate.
chem 210 psu Funk exam 1 Questions 100% Accurate.
Bronsted-Lowry acid - ANSWERproton donor (H+) and donates Electron 
 
Bronsted-Lowry base - ANSWERproton acceptor (H+), accepts electron 
 
HI ( give pKa, Conjugate Base, and reasons) - ANSWER-10, I^-(iodide), noble gas like configuration, large orbitals(less electron repulsion) 
 somewhat electronegative 
 
HCl ( give pKa, Conjugate Base, and reasons) - ANSWER-7, Chloride(Cl^-), noble gas-like, electronegative 
 
H3O^+(Hydronium)- ( give pKa, Conjugate Base, and reasons) - ANSWER-2, H2O, neutra...
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Bronsted-Lowry acid - ANSWERproton donor (H+) and donates Electron 
 
Bronsted-Lowry base - ANSWERproton acceptor (H+), accepts electron 
 
HI ( give pKa, Conjugate Base, and reasons) - ANSWER-10, I^-(iodide), noble gas like configuration, large orbitals(less electron repulsion) 
 somewhat electronegative 
 
HCl ( give pKa, Conjugate Base, and reasons) - ANSWER-7, Chloride(Cl^-), noble gas-like, electronegative 
 
H3O^+(Hydronium)- ( give pKa, Conjugate Base, and reasons) - ANSWER-2, H2O, neutra...
Exam 3 Reactions Chem 210 100% Accurate!
1. BH3 2. H2O2/NaOH - ANSWERHydroboration 
 
Syn addition, OH to less sub side - ANSWERWhat happens in hydroboration addition reaction? 
 
H2, Pt - ANSWERReduction with H2 
 
Syn addition of H's across pi bond - ANSWERwhat happens in a reduction with H2? 
 
1. O3 2. Zn - ANSWEROzonolysis 
 
Each double bond cut with O's added at both sides of each cut - ANSWERWhat happens in an ozonolysis reaction? 
 
HBr - ANSWERHydrohalogenation 
 
Halogen added to more sub side - ANSWERWhat happens in a hyd...
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- • 2 pages •
1. BH3 2. H2O2/NaOH - ANSWERHydroboration 
 
Syn addition, OH to less sub side - ANSWERWhat happens in hydroboration addition reaction? 
 
H2, Pt - ANSWERReduction with H2 
 
Syn addition of H's across pi bond - ANSWERwhat happens in a reduction with H2? 
 
1. O3 2. Zn - ANSWEROzonolysis 
 
Each double bond cut with O's added at both sides of each cut - ANSWERWhat happens in an ozonolysis reaction? 
 
HBr - ANSWERHydrohalogenation 
 
Halogen added to more sub side - ANSWERWhat happens in a hyd...
CHEM 210 Exam 1 Review Questions With Accurate Solutions.
What is a BL acid? BL base? - ANSWERAcid is a proton donor while a base is proton acceptor 
 
List the 6 strong acids - ANSWERHClO4, HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, H2SO4 
 
List the 6 strong bases - ANSWERLiOH, NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, Ba(OH)2 
 
What is the eq. for the dissociation of a weak acid? - ANSWERHA <=> H+ + A- 
 
Ka = ([H+][A-])/[HA] 
 
What is the eq. for base hydrolysis? - ANSWERB + H2O <=> BH+ + OH- 
 
Kb = ([BH+][OH-])/[B] 
 
What is the equation for pH and pOH? - ANSWERpH =...
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- • 46 pages •
What is a BL acid? BL base? - ANSWERAcid is a proton donor while a base is proton acceptor 
 
List the 6 strong acids - ANSWERHClO4, HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, H2SO4 
 
List the 6 strong bases - ANSWERLiOH, NaOH, KOH, Ca(OH)2, Sr(OH)2, Ba(OH)2 
 
What is the eq. for the dissociation of a weak acid? - ANSWERHA <=> H+ + A- 
 
Ka = ([H+][A-])/[HA] 
 
What is the eq. for base hydrolysis? - ANSWERB + H2O <=> BH+ + OH- 
 
Kb = ([BH+][OH-])/[B] 
 
What is the equation for pH and pOH? - ANSWERpH =...
KSU Patell Chem 210 Exam 2 100% Accurate.
ionic bond - ANSWERmetal and nonmetal 
 
covalent bond - ANSWERtwo nonmetals 
 
how to name an ionic compound? - ANSWERname the cation (metal) and then the anion (nonmetal), but replace the ending of the anion with -ide 
 
Na+ - ANSWERsodium 
 
Li+ - ANSWERlithium 
 
K+ - ANSWERpotassium 
 
Ca2+ - ANSWERcalcium 
 
mg2+ - ANSWERmagnesium 
 
Cs+ - ANSWERcesium 
 
Al3+ - ANSWERaluminum 
 
Ba2+ - ANSWERbarium 
 
Sr2+ - ANSWERstrontium 
 
Br- - ANSWERbromide 
 
Cl- - ANSWERchloride 
 
I- - ANSWERiodi...
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- • 4 pages •
ionic bond - ANSWERmetal and nonmetal 
 
covalent bond - ANSWERtwo nonmetals 
 
how to name an ionic compound? - ANSWERname the cation (metal) and then the anion (nonmetal), but replace the ending of the anion with -ide 
 
Na+ - ANSWERsodium 
 
Li+ - ANSWERlithium 
 
K+ - ANSWERpotassium 
 
Ca2+ - ANSWERcalcium 
 
mg2+ - ANSWERmagnesium 
 
Cs+ - ANSWERcesium 
 
Al3+ - ANSWERaluminum 
 
Ba2+ - ANSWERbarium 
 
Sr2+ - ANSWERstrontium 
 
Br- - ANSWERbromide 
 
Cl- - ANSWERchloride 
 
I- - ANSWERiodi...
Chem 210 Exam 3 Questions & Answers(Rated A)
what factors explain the outcomes of reactions? - ANSWERhybridization, delocalization, eN, atom density 
 
what is a leaving group? - ANSWER- group of atom(s) that can be stable on its own 
- eN atoms that are good LG also make strong acids 
 
what is the α carbon? - ANSWERC directly attached to leaving group 
 
what are β Cs? β Hs? - ANSWERβC: C(s) attached to α carbon 
βH: H(s) attached to βC 
 
what is a LB? is it a nucleophile or electrophile? - ANSWERlewis base, nucleophile 
 
what i...
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- • 8 pages •
what factors explain the outcomes of reactions? - ANSWERhybridization, delocalization, eN, atom density 
 
what is a leaving group? - ANSWER- group of atom(s) that can be stable on its own 
- eN atoms that are good LG also make strong acids 
 
what is the α carbon? - ANSWERC directly attached to leaving group 
 
what are β Cs? β Hs? - ANSWERβC: C(s) attached to α carbon 
βH: H(s) attached to βC 
 
what is a LB? is it a nucleophile or electrophile? - ANSWERlewis base, nucleophile 
 
what i...
CHEM 210 exam 2 equations & strongest acids
v/v) % equation - ANSWERml of solute/ ml solution * 100 
 
ppm equation - ANSWERmass of solute/mass of solution x 10^6 
 
molarity equation - ANSWERmoles of solute/liters of solution 
 
g —-> mol - ANSWERg * 1 mol / molar mass of compound 
 
Strong Acid 1 - ANSWERHI 
base: I- 
 
Strong Acid 2 - ANSWERHBr (hydrobromic acid) 
Base: Br- 
 
Strong Acid 3 - ANSWERHCl (hydrochloric acid) 
Base: Cl- 
 
Strong Acid 4 - ANSWERH2SO4 (sulfuric acid) 
Base: HSO4- 
 
Strong Acid 5 - ANSWERHNO3 (nitric a...
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- • 1 pages •
v/v) % equation - ANSWERml of solute/ ml solution * 100 
 
ppm equation - ANSWERmass of solute/mass of solution x 10^6 
 
molarity equation - ANSWERmoles of solute/liters of solution 
 
g —-> mol - ANSWERg * 1 mol / molar mass of compound 
 
Strong Acid 1 - ANSWERHI 
base: I- 
 
Strong Acid 2 - ANSWERHBr (hydrobromic acid) 
Base: Br- 
 
Strong Acid 3 - ANSWERHCl (hydrochloric acid) 
Base: Cl- 
 
Strong Acid 4 - ANSWERH2SO4 (sulfuric acid) 
Base: HSO4- 
 
Strong Acid 5 - ANSWERHNO3 (nitric a...
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