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Class notes

Stimulants, Antibacterials, and Antivirals

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These notes go over a section of Option D, Medicinal Chemistry, of the IB Chemistry SL curriculum. They provide an in-depth explanation of different drugs that qualify as stimulants, antibacterials, and antivirals, with special focus on penicillin and AIDS/HIV.

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  • April 2, 2019
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  • 2018/2019
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Available practice questions

Flashcards 22 Flashcards
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Some examples from this set of practice questions

1.

What do stimulants do?

Answer: Increase alertness, wakefulness, locomotion (makes animals faster), thus increasing productivity motivation, arousal, and requires less food and sleep

2.

What are the natural receptors for stimulants?

Answer: Norepinephrine, dopamine, nicotinic acetylcholine

3.

What are the different types of stimulants?

Answer: Adrenaline: the fight/flight hormone, heightens activity to survive life or death situations Amphetamine “speed”: highly addictive, causes withdrawal syndrome Methamphetamine (crystal meth): methylated amphetamine, popular in Asia, a major illegal drug MDMA (ecstasy): methamphetamine dioxy derivative that produces feelings of closeness or intimacy

4.

What are some effects of methamphetamine use?

Answer: Weight loss, heart attack, and stroke

5.

How do governments control access to methamphetamine when they can be privately synthesized?

Answer: They control access to precursor chemicals

6.

When was ecstasy \"rediscovered\"?

Answer: In the 1970s, when Berkeley students published a report of its psychotropic effects

7.

What are the effects of ecstasy?

Answer: Normal doses = euphoria, fatigue, depression Overdose = heart damage, stroke, panic attack, hyperthermia

8.

From what is nicotine derived?

Answer: The tobacco plant, tertiary amine, and is used as insecticide and is a natural insect repellant

9.

What are the short term effects of nicotine?

Answer: Increased heart rate, blood pressure, allows relaxation, causes sharpness

10.

What is a long term effect of nicotine?

Answer: Heart disease

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